First observed: 1972 ()
Taxon: Mollusca
Origin: Japan Sea
Vector of introduction: stocking
Distribution in the Baltic Sea: Kattegat and Belt Sea
Species status: established
Salinity in native habitats: Polymixohaline to Euhaline (Gofas 2003)
Salinity in the Baltic Sea: - (Wolff, Reise 2002)
Ecofunctional group: benthic suspension feeders
Ecological impact: benthic-pelagic interaction (Dupuy et al. 2000; Righetti 2000), bioacummulation (Shulkin et al. 2003), competition (Eno et al. 1997; De Montaudouin et al. 1999; Bilio et al. 1986; Wolff, Reise 2002), food-prey (Nehring 2002), habitat change (Furlani 1996; Occhipinti Ambrogi 2002; Sandlund et al. 1999), herbivory (Poins et al. 2003; Barille et al. 2003), hybridization (Downing 1991; Lyu, Allen 1999; Soletchnik et al. 2002), transfer of parasites and diseases (Wolff, Reise 2002)
Impact on uses/resources: -References:
Barille L., Haure J., Pales-Espinosa E., Morancais M. 2003. Finding new diatoms for intensive rearing of the pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas): energy budget as a selective tool. Aquaculture, Elsevier Science B.V., 217(1-4): 501-514.
Bilio M., Rosenthal H., Sindermann C. J. (Ed.) 1986. Realism in Aquaculture: Achievements, Constraints, Perspectives. World Conference on Aquaculture. European Aquaculture Society. Bredene, Belgium: 585p.
De Montaudouin X., Audemard C., Labourg P.-J. 1999. Does the slipper limpet (Crepidula fornicata, L.) impair oyster growth and zoobenthos biodiversity? A revisited hypothesis. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 235(1): 105-124.
Downing S.L. 1991. Hybridization, triploid, and salinity effects on crosses with Crassostrea gigas and Crassostrea virginica. Journal of Shellfish Research, 10(1): 302-303.
Dupuy Ch., Pastoureaud A., Ryckaert M., Sauriau P.-G., Montanie H. 2000. Impact of the oyster Crassostrea gigas on a microbial community in Atlantic coastal ponds near La Rochelle. Aquatic Microbial Ecology, 22: 227-242.
Eno N.C., Clark R.A., Sanderson W.G. 1997. Non-native marine species in British waters: a review and directory. Published by JNCC, Peterborough: 152pp.
Furlani D.M. 1996. A guide to the introduced marine species in Australian waters. CSIRO, Division of Fisheries, Australia, 5: 150pp.
Gofas S. 2003. Crassostrea gigas. In: CIESM Atlas (http://www.ciesm.org/atlas/Crassostreagigas.html). Accessed 06/11/2005
Lyu S., Allen S.K. Jr. 1999. Effect of sperm density on hybridization between Crassostrea virginica, Gmelin and C. gigas (Thunberg). Journal of Shellfish Research, 18(2): 459-464.
Nehring S. 2002. Biological invasions into German waters: an evaluation of the importance of different human-mediated vectors for nonindiginous macrozoobenthic species. In: Leppakoski E., Gollasch S. and Olenin S.(eds), Invasive Aquatic species of Europe - distribution impacts and management. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, Boston, London: 374-384.
Occhipinti Ambrogi A. 2002. Current status of aquatic introductions in Italy. In: Leppakoski E., Gollasch S. and Olenin S.(eds), Invasive Aquatic species of Europe - distribution impacts and management. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, Boston, London: 311-324.
Ponis E., Robert R., Parisia G. 2003. Nutritional value of fresh and concentrated algal diets for larval and juvenile Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas). Aquaculture , Elsevier Science B.V. , Vol.221( 1-4 ): 491-505.
Righetti L. 2000. Nitrogen excretion by the Pacific Oyster, Crassostrea gigas: a contributor to estuarine nutrient cycling in Tomales Bay, CA. Journal of Shellfish Research, 19(1): 611p.
Sandlund O. T., Schei P. J., Vilken ?. (Ed.) 1999. Invasive Species and Biodiversity Management. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Netherlands: 431 p.
Shulkin V. M., Presley B.J., Kavun 2003. Metal concentrations in mussel Crenomytilus grayanus and oyster Crassostrea gigas in relation to contamination of ambient sediments. Environment International, Elsevier Science Ltd., 29(4): 493-502.
Soletchnik P., Huvet A., Le Moine O., Razet D., Geairon Ph., Faury N., Goulletquer Ph., Boudry P. 2002. A comparative field study of growth, survival and reproduction of Crassostrea gigas, C. angulata and their hybrids. Aquatic Living Resources, editions scientifiques et medicales Elsevier SAS., 15(4): 243-250.
Wolff W.J., Reise K. 2002. Oyster imports as a vector for the introduction of alien species into Northern and Western European coastal waters. In: Leppakoski E., Gollasch S. and Olenin S.(eds), Invasive Aquatic species of Europe - distribution impacts and management. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, Boston, London: 193-205.
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