AquaNISInformation system on aquatic non-indigenous and cryptogenic species |
Species | Watersipora subtorquata [WoRMS] | |
Authority | (d'Orbigny, 1852) | |
Family | Watersiporidae | |
Order | Cheilostomatida | |
Class | Gymnolaemata | |
Phylum | Bryozoa | |
Synonym (?) | ||
Sub-species level (?) | Not entered |
Native origin (?) | LME: 5. Gulf of Mexico References (not structured): Ryland J.S., De Blauwe H., Lord R. & Mackie J.A., 2009 – Recent discoveries of alien Watersipora (Bryozoa) in Western Europe, with redescriptions of species – Zootaxa 2093:43-59 Comments: Carribean Sea |
Life form / Life stage (?) |
References (not structured): Hayward P.J., 2001 - Bryozoa. in: European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification (Costello, M.J. et al., eds). Collection Patrimoines Naturels 50: 325-333. |
Sociability / Life stage (?) |
References (not structured): Hayward P.J., 2001 - Bryozoa. in: European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification (Costello, M.J. et al., eds). Collection Patrimoines Naturels 50: 325-333. |
Reproductive frequency (?) | Iteroparous References (not structured): Hayward P.J., 2001 - Bryozoa. in: European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification (Costello, M.J. et al., eds). Collection Patrimoines Naturels 50: 325-333. |
Reproductive type (?) | Asexual Self-fertilization Sexual References: Cohen A.N., 2005 – Guide to the Exotic Species of San Francisco Bay. San Francisco Estuary Institute: Oakland, USA. |
Developmental trait (?) | Brooding Lecithotrophy References: Cohen A.N., 2005 – Guide to the Exotic Species of San Francisco Bay. San Francisco Estuary Institute: Oakland, USA. Hayward P.J., 2001 - Bryozoa. in: European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification (Costello, M.J. et al., eds). Collection Patrimoines Naturels 50: 325-333. |
Characteristic feeding method / Life stage (?) |
References (not structured): Cohen A.N., 2005 – Guide to the Exotic Species of San Francisco Bay. San Francisco Estuary Institute: Oakland, USA. |
Mobility / Life stage (?) |
References (not structured): Hayward P.J., 2001 - Bryozoa. in: European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification (Costello, M.J. et al., eds). Collection Patrimoines Naturels 50: 325-333. |
Salinity tolerance range (?) | Exact range: 25 - 49 References: Cohen A.N., 2005 – Guide to the Exotic Species of San Francisco Bay. San Francisco Estuary Institute: Oakland, USA. |
Habitat modifying ability potential (?) | OLD VALUE References: Hayward P.J., 2001 - Bryozoa. in: European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification (Costello, M.J. et al., eds). Collection Patrimoines Naturels 50: 325-333. Comments: --/OLD VALUE/-- Bioconstructor (Anna) |
Toxicity / Life stage (?) | Not relevant |
Bioaccumulation association (?) | Not entered |
Known human health impact? | Not entered |
Known economic impact? | Not entered |
Known measurable environmental impact? | Not entered |
Included in the Target Species list? | Not entered |
Association with vessel vectors (?) | Biofouling References: Ryland J.S., De Blauwe H., Lord R. & Mackie J.A., 2009 – Recent discoveries of alien Watersipora (Bryozoa) in Western Europe, with redescriptions of species – Zootaxa 2093:43-59 Mackie J.A., et al., 2006 – Invasion patterns inferred from cytochrome oxidase I sequences in three bryozoans, Bugula neritina, Watersipora subtorquata and Watersipora arcuata. Marine Biology 149: 285-295. Comments: Because its larvae spend less than a day in the plankton before settling, Watersipora subtorquata could not have been transported long distances as larvae in currents or in ballast water. While long-distance transport as adults on bits of seaweed or debris in currents or ballast tanks is theoretically possible, it seems unlikely. It is common in fouling and has often been found on ship bottoms, and is highly tolerant of copper-based anti-fouling compounds. |
Molecular information | Not entered |
Last update by | Aleksas Narščius, 2012-10-08 |